Needing to do A Few Things

Needing to do A Few Things Needing to do A Few Things Needing to do A Few Things By Maeve Maddox A reader writes: My son is driving me crazy!!!! He consistently says I need to do a few stuff.   I reply that he should properly say I need to do a few things or I need to do some stuff .   I know my options are fine, but my question is whether his version is also proper.   Please help us !! Before this reader’s question I was blissfully unaware of the expression â€Å"a few stuff.† I’ve tried to track it down. It brought up 2,070,000 Google hits, such things as: Even if I’m leaving my flat in one week, for the next two weeks, I shall buy a few stuff on saturday. Hi just need to rant about a few stuff†¦ I haven’t been able to trace a dialect origin for this nonstandard construction. The only uses of it I’ve found so far are in amateurish blogs and reader comments. I assume that it’s an example of teen slang intended to infuriate adult speakers. It certainly pinches my grammar nerve. As an uncountable noun, stuff originally referred to quilted material worn under chain mail. The meaning was extended to mean â€Å"material for working in a trade.† The very broad sense of matter of an unspecified kind dates from 1580. To the reader whose son insists on saying â€Å"a few stuff,† I can only say that this too shall passbut probably only if you stop letting your annoyance show. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Passed vs Past50 Idioms About Meat and Dairy Products25 Idioms About Bread and Dessert

Archeological dig in Israel

Archeological dig in Israel In 2015 there was an archeological dig in Israel where researchers found different types of nuts.  ¨The nuts types were water chestnut, wild almond, prickly water lily, and 2 varieties of both acorns and pistachios. ¨(Nutcracker Museum) Also there were 50 pitted stones were found at the Israel site. Each stone had a dent. Dents in the stones appeared to have been formed when the stones were used to open or crack quantities of hard nuts. (Nutcracker Museum) They were called, nutting stones. Nuts formed a major part of mans diet 780,000 years ago. Archaeologists have found cracking equipment related to the isrealiites from some Native Americans. Native Americans would do the same process as the (Nutcracker Museum) pThe most common nuts used by the Native Americans were beechnuts, chestnuts, hickory nuts, and walnuts. After removing the inside of the nuts, the shells were used to make their fires. (Nutcracker Museum) 50,000 B.C. the oldest walnuts were found by the Greeks and the Romans. They were considered the food of the Gods. Walnuts were a traded item by English ships throughout the Mediterranean and that is why it is called the English Walnut. (Nutcracker Museum) In the 18th century, Walnuts were brought to California from Spain. Today California produces much of the worlds supply. Also, they used them as oil and for thickening cornstarch. The earliest remains of pecans were found in Texas. (Nutcracker Museum) They dated back to 6100 bc. The pecan was mainly in the diet of the natives and the early settlers. The macadamia originated in the rainforests of Queensland, Australia. (Nutcracker Museum) It was brought over to Hawaii in the 19th century where most of the worlds supply is grown today. Almonds are thought to be among the earliest harvested foods. (Nutcracker Museum) They have been found in both Cyprus and Greece and were mentioned in the Old Testament of the Bible. The hazelnut is known by many names such as the filbert, Cobnut, or Spanish Nut. The hazelnut is among the five sacred nourishments God gave to human beings based off of a manuscript found in China from the year 2838 B.C .(Nutcracker Museum) The cashew nut originates in Brazil. It was brought to India and Africa in the 16th century. (Nutcracker Museum) It was brought to the Philippines by the Spanish traders. The Brazil nut originated in South America and is mostly found in the Amazon basin. (Nutcracker Museum) It grows in section like an orange with 10-15 nuts at the same spot (Nutcracker Museum)The peanut is a member of the pea family, not a nut. They originated from South America where the Indians have used produced and consumed them for over 2000 years.(Nutcracker Museum) By the 20th century, there w as a huge demand for peanut oil, roasted and salted peanuts, as well as the new peanut butter. (Nutcracker Museum)

Kinship Anthropology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Kinship Anthropology - Essay Example This paper shall seek to establish the similarities and differences in the characteristics of Achilles and Agamemnon, who were two great men that were skilled in the art of war and relate their characteristics to the roles they played in dictating the outcome of the Trojan War. It is the strong characteristics possessed by Achilles and Agamemnon that made the battle of Troy historic and legendary (Homer). Achilles and Agamemnon were two great Achaean fighters that had several weaknesses as warriors. Achilles and Agamemnon were known for their hot temper (Homer 414). Though one could argue that Achilles is more temperamental than Agamemnon, but the fact remains that these two men had elements of fury and wrath in them. It should be noted that Achilles’ show of anger resulted in his withdrawal from battle and this ultimately led to the overpowering of the Achaean forces by the Trojan forces (Homer 327). One of Achilles’ demonstrations of anger was when Agamemnon ordered h im to relinquish his war prize, Briseis; and as a result he forcefully withdrew from the war and this gave the Trojans the boldness to attack the Greek army (Homer 437-438). Thus, Achilles’ anger also played a part in the Trojan War. Another similarity that exists between Achilles and Agamemnon is in their pride and arrogance. ... Agamemnon’s arrogance is seen when he expects to get the highest share of the spoils of war, even in situations that he did not take active part in the battle. Being the king, Agamemnon always wanted to take up the leadership role and this was the reason that he wanted to be at the forefront when it was time to make decisions on the Trojan War, when it was actually Menelaus that was affected by the snatching of his wife, Helen by Prince Paris of Troy (Homer 78). Agamemnon took delight in reminding the Achaeans of his kingly status. In terms of strength, Achilles was stronger than Agamemnon in all ramifications. Achilles was the greatest warrior of Greek army during the battle of Troy, while Agamemnon was the King of Mycenae and the commander of the Greek forces during the battle of Troy. While Achilles had a close relationship with the gods as the gods loved him for his strength and bravery in battle, Agamemnon did not really have any significant relationship with the gods. Wh ile Achilles could not control his anger and fury, Agamemnon intentionally made people to feel the effect of his wrath. While Achilles did not take the Trojan War too serious, Agamemnon was too serious about the war as he did everything possible to ensure the victory of the Achaean army. There was even a time that Achilles abandoned his fellow Greek warriors and even prayed that the Trojan forces should overrun them. Agamemnon is also different from Achilles in his ability to make intelligent and refined judgments about a situation. Agamemnon is not usually too quick to act, but takes his time before embarking on an action; while Achilles lets his own anger and fury to determine his actions. Achilles usually

The Bolivian Election Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Bolivian Election - Research Paper Example NGOs in emerging democracies are typically funded by non-governmental outsides sources, such as foreign aid or private donors. However, it is possible for an NGO to be partially or even fully government funded. It is important to note that Bolivia became a democratically elected government in 1982. In the first stages of its democracy Bolivia had a very centralized national government, and along with it came much corruption and a general unhappiness of its citizens with democracy. However, in 1994 much of the central power devolved to the local municipalities including the appropriations of funds. This act is known as the Law of Popular Participation. During these times NGOs preformed a vital role in the cross over to the new system. They were often consulted in planning, helped with organization, and educated citizens about the new system (Boulding 461). The article sets out to examine how NGOs can effect political participation in emerging or weak democracies. (Boulding 456) states that NGOs can promote political activity of a country by providing resources, and by making available opportunities for association. When an NGO provides resources to a community, they have the ability to make citizen political participation easier. ... "NGOs, whether they are providing small business training, lobbying for women’s' or indigenous rights, providing health care, or building houses, all involve local interaction between NGO workers, neighbors, and others in the community. By spending time together, talking, and working toward a common project, people (Boulding 456). As evidenced in the previous elections, Bolivia often experience violent elections dating back to 1980s when the country was identified to be politically emotional due to poor leadership and the desire of the incumbent government to rig elections causing uncalled for animosity in the country. The huge funds donated by Europe and the United States since 1980s for the sole purpose of strengthening democracy for instance; through promoting the involvement of civil society in ensuring that peaceful election process. The fruitless efforts necessitated the desire to act on the issues which lead to post election violence so that the problem could be solved permanently through embracing peace and reconciliation (Boulding 456). However, in order to determine the best solution on the same, research had to be carried out to determine the cause and corresponding results of post election violence so that a common objective would be set to avert the post election violence since it had been a routine in the country. However, to ascertain the consequences of post election violence, research process should be continuous since all research outcomes had not achieved perfect solution. Electorates and the corresponding leadership require periodic research processes which corresponds to the current research study (Boulding 459). In the Bolivian history, myriad research processes had

A Room With A View by Edward Morgan Forster Essay -- EM Forster A Roo

The Subtle Heroine   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A Room with a View, by Edward Morgan Forster, presents the story of Lucy Honeychurch, a young woman belonging to English â€Å"high society.'; Foster places this young maiden in a state of conflict between the snobbery of her class, the â€Å"suitable and traditional'; views and advice offered by various family members and friends, and her true heart’s desire. This conflict â€Å"forces Lucy Honeychurch to choose between convention and passion (Bantam Intro-back cover),'; and throws her into a state of internal struggle, as she must sift through the elements of her â€Å"social conditioning'; and discern them from her true emotions and desires. Foster develops and utilizes Lucy’s internal struggle as a means of transforming her from a petty young woman to a subtle heroine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lucy Honeychurch is introduced to the reader as a somewhat petty young woman, obviously ignorant to the â€Å"ways of the world,'; who is being chaperoned by her cousin, Charlotte Barlett, while vacationing in Italy. Numerous conversations over matters of dress, the acceptability of various pieces of furniture, and other’s vacations, suggest the snobbish nature of both Lucy and Charlotte. In fact, matters of convention encompass Lucy’s life until George Emerson’s â€Å"caddish,'; yet never the less passionate, display of affection in the bed of violets throws her into an internal struggle of transformation. George’s powerful advice, â€Å"Courage and love (p.66),'; uttered just before he kisses Lucy, gives ...

Green Tea and Weight Loss in Overweight and Obese Adults

Obesity has become a growing health issue which is associated with increased risk of chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, osteoarthritis, stroke, sleep apnea, and certain cancers (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008; Maki et al. , 2009; Nagao et al. , 2005). In the United States there are an estimated 72 million overweight or obese adults (as cited in Maki et al. , 2009).Currently, the most effective treatment for obesity is a combination of reducing energy intake and increasing energy expenditure, yet the most popular treatment is pharmacotherapy (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008, Diepvens, Kovacs, Nijs, Vogels, & Westerterp-Plantenga, 2005). Recently, researchers have found antiobesity effects in green tea (Maki et al. , 2009). The objective of this term paper is to depict the claim of green tea and its effectiveness on weight loss in overweight and obese adults. Review of the Literature Overweight and Obese and Weight LossThe basic reasoning of overweig ht and obese individuals is an imbalance between energy consumption and energy expenditure (Diepvens et al. , 2005). To achieve weight loss, a negative energy balance must occur and can be achieved by decreased energy consumption or increased energy expenditure (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008; Diepvens et al. , 2005). Genetics may also be linked to obesity in several ways. Genetics may be associated with susceptibility to fat storing and the controllability of food intake (as cited in Shepherd, 2009).It has been inferred that green tea may reduce body weight and increase satiety which will positively effect body composition (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008; Diepvens et al. , 2005; Maki et al, 2008; Nagao et al. , 2005). Components of Green Tea Green tea contains two major active ingredients which may be contributed to combating obesity: catechin and caffeine (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008; Diepvens et al. , 2005). Research has suggested that green tea catechins block the enzyme catechol O-methy ltransferase, thereby stimulating the sympathetic nervous system (Auvichayapat et al. 2008; Belza et al. , 2009). The stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system may be responsible for increased thermogenesis, fat oxidation and satiety (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008; Belza et al. , 2009). Green tea catechins may also contribute to increased antioxidant, antiviral, antiplaque-forming, anticancer activities, and decreased blood pressure and total cholesterol (as cited in Nagao et al. , 2005). Research has suggested that caffeine may promote thermogenesis and fat oxidation that positively affect body composition (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008; Belza et al. 2009; Diepvens et al. , 2005). Caffeine obstructs the degeneration of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate, leading to increased norepinephrine release (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008). The increased norepinephrine may lead to thermogenesis and may enhance satiety (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008). Effects of Catechin and Caffeine Supplem entation on Overweight and Obese Adults Maki et al. (2009) conducted a study to investigate whether green tea catechin intake increased exercise-induced abdominal adiposity loss in overweight and obese adults in the United States.The researchers supported previous claims of green tea catechins’ positive effect on general weight loss, but further investigation was needed to conclude that green tea catechin consumption has a positive effect on body composition and abdominal adiposity. The study was a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial that took place in two clinical research sites – Bloomington, Indiana and St. Petersburg, Florida. The male and female participants were of good general health and sedentary.The participants were between the ages of 21 and 65, had a waist circumference of 87 centimeters or greater (women) or 90 centimeters or greater (men), and a total cholesterol of 5. 2 mmol/L or greater. Participates agreed to consume no more than two ca ffeinated drinks a day and avoid medication or supplements that contained caffeine or catechin. The eligible participants were randomly assigned a beverage of catechins (625 mg) or a control beverage (0 mg) per day. Both the catechin and control beverage contained the same amount of carbohydrates, sodium, as well as caffeine (39 mg).Since this was a double-blind trial the eligible participants and staff were unaware of the assigned beverages. The eligible participants were asked to maintain caloric consumption, and required to increase their activity level by attending three, one-hour supervised exercise sessions a week for a total of 12 weeks. The Maki et al. (2009) study yielded 107 participates that completed the entire trial and met the set requirements. The average age of the participants was 48 years, about one-half were males (catechin, 49. 2%; control, 55. %), and most participants were of non-Hispanic white ethnicity (91%). Maki et al. (2009) found that the catechin group e xperienced (P = 0. 079) a greater loss of body weight than the control group at week 12. This supports results of other trials (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008; Belza et al. , 2009; Nagao et al. , 2005). The results of the Maki et al. (2009) study showed no difference in percentage changes in fat mass (P = 0. 208) or intra-abdominal fat area (P = 0. 125). However, total abdominal adipose area (P = 0. 013) and abdominal subcutaneous adipose area (P = 0. 19) decreased at week 12 (Maki et al. , 2009). Maki et al. (2009) concluded that catechins (625 mg/day) may have positive effects on exercised-induced loss of abdominal adiposity. Auvichayapat et al. (2008) conducted a randomized, controlled, experimental study to investigate green tea and its effectiveness on weight loss in obese Thais. The study included 60 Thai participates who were between the ages of 40 and 60 and had a body mass index of 25 kg/m2 or greater. Forty-two participates were females and 18 were males.The participants were required to have good health history with no current or prior metabolic or systemic diseases and not currently taking prescribed medication. The participants were randomized into two groups, a green tea group and a placebo group. The participants in the green tea group consumed a 250 mg green tea (100 mg catechin) tablet after breakfast, lunch, and dinner. The participants in the placebo group also received a tablet after breakfast, lunch, and dinner containing cellulose which was identical in appearance to the green tea tablets.The participants’ heights were determined by the use of a wall-mounted ruler and body weight was determined by the use of a digital scale. Body mass index was calculated by body weight (kg) divided by height (m) squared. Body fat percentage was measured by the use of a calibrated skinfold calipers. The sum of the triceps, subscapular, and iliac skinfolds were compared based on sex and age from the Jackson study to determine body fat percentage (as cit ed in Auvichayapat et al. , 2008). Resting energy expenditure was measured by the use of the Douglas bag system by indirect calorimetry (as cited in Auvichayapat et al. 2008). The air expired by the participants were analyzed by a computerized data acquisition system from which resting energy expenditure were calculated with the use of Weir’s formula (Auvichayapat et al. , 2008). Body mass index, body fat percentage, and resting energy expenditure were measured at baseline, and during the fourth, eighth and twelfth weeks of the study. In comparison, the green tea treatment group exhibited a significant difference (P < 0. 05) in weight loss during the eighthand twelfth weeks of the study as compared to the placebo treatment group.Auvichayapat et al. (2008) concluded that green tea can increase energy expenditure and therefore increase weight loss in obese Thais. Nagao et al. (2005) conducted a random, double-blind, controlled, experimental 12-week study to examine the effec ts of catechins on body fat loss. The researchers included 25 healthy Japanese men between the ages of 24 and 46 who ranged from normal to overweight according to body mass index (as cited in Nagao et al. , 2005). The 25 participants were randomly placed into two groups, a catechins group (n = 17) and a placebo group (n = 18).The requirements for the individuals were to consume 90% of the calculated energy intake requirement, to withhold from consuming large amounts of catechins, polyphenols, or caffeine, and to maintain their current level of exercise. Anthropometric measurements and computed tomography were administered by trained physicians at baseline and every four weeks thereafter for the 12-week study. Waist circumference was measured at the umbilical level while the participants were standing in accordance with the Japan Society for the Study of Obesity (Nagao et al. , 2005).The participants’ body fat ercentages were measured by the use of a bioimpedance analyzer and skinfold caliper method. Body fat percentage and lean body mass were derived from the ratio of total body weight to body fat. The skinfold caliper method utilized measurements at the lower end of the scapula and the intermediate region on the lateral side of the arm, and the sum of the two values were recorded. The measurement of fat was calculated by computed tomography. Computed tomography imaging was performed for visceral fat measurement by utilizing FAT SCAN software developed on the method developed by Tokunaga et al. as cited in Nagao et al. , 2005). The use of the FAT SCAN software, subcutaneous fat area and visceral fat area were obtained from abdominal computed tomography image. Subcutaneous fat area and visceral fat area were summed together to obtain the total fat area. The results of the Nagao et al. (2005) study showed that the reduction in waist circumference (P < 0. 01), skinfold measurements (P < 0. 05), and total fat area (P < 0. 05) was significantly grea ter in the catechin group (690 mg) than that of the placebo group.In conclusion, catechins (690 mg/day for 12 weeks) decrease total body fat and may be useful in preventing and combating obesity. Belza et al. (2009) conducted a randomized, double-blind, controlled study consisting of 12 healthy and normal weight male participants (age: 23. 7,  ±2. 6 years). Each participant was instructed to maintain their daily dietary and physical activity habits throughout the study. The treatments being analyzed were in the form of tablets containing 500 mg green tea extract (125 mg catechins), 400 mg tyrosine, 50 mg caffeine, or placebo.Each treatment was separated by a minimum of three days. The main focus of Belza et al. (2009) was to examine the compounds tyrosine, green tea extract, and caffeine, and their individual effects on thermogenesis, appetite sensations, and ad libitum energy intake. A ventilated hood that was tested weekly to ensure reliability was used to assess resting metabol ic rates of each participant. Participants were instructed to fast the evening prior to, as well as refrain from medication, alcohol, and strenuous physical activity 24 hours before respiratory assessments.A baseline respiratory measurement was acquired for each participant during the first 25 minutes of each assessment. The assessment then continued with 30-minute intervals in which respiratory measurements were recorded for a total of four hours. Each respiratory assessment for each individual was executed on the same time of day and on an identical schedule. The participants’ appetite sensations were analyzed using the Visual Analogue Scales which included subjective questions about sensations of hunger, satiety, prospective consumption, and fullness (Belza et al. 2009). Each participant completed the Visual Analogue Scales prior to the respiratory assessment to obtain a baseline measurement, and subsequently throughout the respiratory assessment. Another test each partici pant completed was the ad libitum meal. The participants were instructed to consume the ad libitum meal at a constant pace and to terminate consumption when satiety was reached.The amount of ad libitum meal consumed was used as the assessment of ad libitum energy intake. Belza et al. 2009) found that caffeine produced a thermogenic response of 6% above the baseline assessment as compared to the placebo (P < 0. 0001). No significant difference was found for thermogenic response with the tyrosine and green tea extract treatments as compared to the placebo (Belza et al. , 2009). Belza et al. (2009) stated that too small of a sample size was tested to conclude any appetite suppressant value of the treatments administered, and additional investigation with a large sample size is needed. Diepvens et al. 2005) administered a study to investigate the effects of green tea and a low-calorie diet on resting energy expenditure and body weight in overweight females. The researchers hypothesiz ed that green tea would increase resting energy expenditure and decrease body weight. The study was an experimental, double-blind, parallel-design, placebo-controlled trial including 46 overweight females between the ages of 19 and 57 and a body mass index between 25 and 31 kg/m2. All participates were of good health and moderate caffeine-users (200-400 mg of caffeine a day).Two groups were randomly assigned to each treatment: a green tea treatment (n = 23) and a placebo treatment (n = 23). All 46 participants consumed a low-calorie diet consisting of 60% of estimated energy expenditure and consumed three tablets daily (9:00 a. m. , 1:00 p. m. , 6:00 p. m. ) of either placebo or green tea (75 mg caffeine, 375 mg catechins). Diepvens et al. (2005) utilized an open-circuit, ventilated-hood system to assess energy expenditure, as well as fat and carbohydrate oxidation.Anthropometric measurements were assessed using a digital balance (body weight) and a wall-mounted stadiometer (height) . BMI was calculated by dividing body weight in kilograms by height (m) squared. Diepvens et al. (2005) concluded that there was not a significant difference between the green tea and placebo groups in reducing body weight. Diepvens et al. (2005) contributes the low thermogenic effectiveness of green tea to the low-caloric diet because of the reduction of sympathetic activity caused by the low-caloric diet.The reduced sympathetic activity reduces noradrenalin release which is partially responsible for thermogenesis (as cited in Diepvens et al. , 2005; Auvichayapat et al. , 2008). Summary In summary, the effects of green tea on weight loss may be attributed specifically to the catechins and caffeine, the active components of green tea. The researchers found that a positive correlation occurred between the consumption of green tea and energy expenditure, fat oxidation, total fat area loss and satiety which will contribute to the prevention and reduction of obesity.Although several stu dies found that there was not a significant difference in energy expenditure, fat oxidation, total fat area loss and satiety between the green tea and control groups, there was nevertheless a difference. Perhaps with the long term consumption of green tea, the benefit will be exponentially larger. It is beneficial to note that while the consumption of green tea is not a solution by itself, it can be used as part of the process for weight loss and optimizing health for currently overweight or obese adults.References Auvichayapat, P. Prapochanung, M. , Tunkamnerdthai, O. , Sripanidkulchai, B. , Auvichayapat, N. , Thinkhamrop, B. , †¦ Hongprapas, P. (2008). Effectiveness of green tea on weight reduction in obese Thais: A randomized, controlled trial. Physiology & Behavior, 93(3), 486-491. doi:10. 1016/j. physbeh. 2007. 10. 009. Belza, A. , Toubro, S. , & Astrup, A. (2009). The effect of caffeine, green tea and tyrosine on thermogenesis and energy intake. European Journal of Clinic al Nutrition, 63(1), 57-64. doi:10. 1038/sj. ejcn. 1602901. Diepvens, K. , Kovacs, E. M. R. , Nijs, I. M. T. Vogels, N. , & Westerterp-Plantenga, M. S. (2005). Effect of green tea on resting energy expenditure and substrate oxidation during weight loss in overweight females. British Journal of Nutrition, 94(6), 1026-1034. doi:10. 1079/BJN20051580 Maki, K. C. , Reeves, M. S. , Farmer, M. , Yasunaga, K. , Matsuo, N. , Katsuragi, Y. , †¦ Cartwright, Y. (2009). Green Tea Catechin Consumption Enhances Exercise-Induced Abdominal Fat Loss in Overweight and Obese Adults. Journal of Nutrition, 139(2), 264-270. doi:10. 3945/jn. 108. 098293. Nagao, T. , Komine, Y. , Soga, S. Meguro, S. , Hase, T. , Tanaka, Y. , & Tokimitsu, I. (2005). Ingestion of a tea rich in catechins leads to a reduction in body fat and malondialdehyde-modified LDL in men. Am J of Clin Nutr, 81(1), 122-129. Retrieved from http://www. ajcn. org. libaccess. sjlibrary. org/cgi/reprint/81/1/122. pdf Shepherd, A. (2009). O besity: prevalence, causes and clinical consequences. Nursing Standard, 23(52), 51-57. Retrieved from http://web. ebscohost. com. libaccess. sjlibrary. org/ehost/ pdfviewer/pdfviewer? vid=4&hid=8&sid=44d81a55-f6d5-40b7-808f-239f2569d782%40sessionmgr10

Comparative Commentary on Global Warming - 1912 Words

â€Å"Taking action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions† (â€Å"Text A†), an international newspaper advertisement from Exxon Mobil and â€Å"An Agenda for Climate Action† (Text B†), a speech by Eileen Claussen, the President of Pew Center on Global Climate Change were both written in 2006 with the focus on global warming. The author in both commentaries strives to bring out the message that as human beings, we must take action to stop the worsening of climate change. Text A is a published article by a company that emphasizes that everyone in the world should be able to take part in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and that illustrates the range of actions, in particular technological advances the company has taken to address the problem. As for Text B,†¦show more content†¦It is presented like how close the audience and Eileen Clausen are, this is so that the audience would be more interested and take account of the global issues more. The data of the two texts are not the same. Text A talks about solutions to reduce green house gas emissions, â€Å"Working with vehicle manufacturers and engine makers on programmers that could improve fuel economy by as much as 30% while significantly reducing emissions† and â€Å"improving energy efficiency at our facilities Steps taken since 1999 resulted in CO2 emissions saving of 11 million tones in 2005...† In Text B†, it talks about the risks that human activities have brought upon climate change. For instance,† what they showed is that the second largest land-based ice sheet in the world is losing ice twice as fast† and â€Å"we know that hurricanes are becoming more intense, not just in the Atlantic which gave us Katrina and Rita†¦Ã¢â‚¬ The information used in each of the texts to convey its message is different. Since Text A is an advertisement for its own company, it would be very uncommon for it not to pressure its audience into buying its products. Exxon Mobile does this by firing all the actions it has taken to tackle the problem of climatic change, creating the impression that using or buying their products is one of the ways to save the planet. However, since Text B is only a speech with no special interest, it only needs to address the seriousness of the situation withoutShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis of the Financial Situation of Bp P.L.C5352 Words   |  22 PagesAims and Objectives 3 1.3.1 Aims 3 1.3.2 Objectives 3 1.4 Sources of Information 6 1.4.1 Annual Reports and Accounts of BP 2002-2006 6 1.4.2 Annual Reports of Shell 2002-2006 7 1.4.3 Analysts’ Reports 7 1.4.4 Newspaper Commentaries 7 1.4.5 The Information Released by In-house Brokers and Financial Advisors of BP 7 1.4.6 General Background Reading 8 1.4.7 Professional Magazines and Journals 8 1.5 Methods Used for Information Collecting 8 1.5.1 Library ReadingRead MoreGlobalization and Its Impact on Malaysia13672 Words   |  55 Pagesprominent pro-globalization organizations are the World Trade Organization and the World Economic Forum. 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So if energy independence is an unrealistic goal, how does everyone get the fuel a world of rising demand they need, especially in , supply disruptions, nat ural disasters, and unstable regimes? True global energy sec urity will be a result of cooperation and engage ment, not isolationism When investment and . expertise are allowed to flow freely across border s, the engine of innovation is ignited, prosperity is fueled and the energy available to everyoneRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagescommercial and public sector organizations. He is an outstanding scholar, conference sponsor, and adviser of the academy and accounting practitioners. This book is dedicated to Michael Bromwich who it is hoped will continue to pro vide leadership to the global management accounting community. Alnoor Bhimani London School of Economics December 2005 CONTENTS ‘ FOREWORD Anthony Hopwood PREFACE Alnoor Bhimani CONTRIBUTORS 1. New measures in performance management Thomas Ahrens and Christopher S ChapmanRead MoreToyota Supply Chain78751 Words   |  316 Pagesparticipants have made the tools and techniques of continuous improvement familiar to every business executive. For example, phrases such as andon, heijunka, and kanban have become part of the day-to-day vocabulary of managers. In an insightful commentary on these tools and techniques, Jeffrey Liker writes that Toyota’s success goes beyond these tools and techniques to what he calls â€Å"The Toyota Way.†1 Liker presents the Toyota Way as an all-encompassing method for designing and managing processesRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesunderstanding of organization culture. Structure of the chapter †¢ The chapter begins by explaining the nature of ‘modernism’ as one of the key social movements that began in Western societies in the early twentieth century but that has become of global significance. 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